Molecular Formula | C9H5ClN4 |
Molar Mass | 204.62 |
Density | 1.3807 (rough estimate) |
Melting Point | 170-175 °C (dec.) |
Boling Point | 333.84°C (rough estimate) |
Water Solubility | Insoluble in water. Soluble in DMSO (5 mg/ml), ethanol (1 mg/ml) and methanol (10 mg/ml). |
Solubility | methanol: 10 mg/mL, clear, very deep yellow |
Appearance | Morphological powder |
Color | yellow to orange |
BRN | 1842102 |
pKa | 6.00±0.10(Predicted) |
Storage Condition | -20°C |
Refractive Index | 1.6110 (estimate) |
MDL | MFCD00001848 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Bioactive CCCP (Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone, Carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone) is an oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, a mitochondrial proton carrier uncoupling agent, which can increase the permeability of mitochondrial membrane to protons, thereby destroying mitochondrial membrane potential. |
Hazard Symbols | T - Toxic |
Risk Codes | R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) |
UN IDs | UN 2811 6.1/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | FG5600000 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 29280090 |
Hazard Class | 6.1 |
Packing Group | III |
Reference Show more | 1. [IF=7.491] Qiao He et al."Antibacterial mechanism of ultrasound against Escherichia coli: Alterations in membrane microstructures and properties."Ultrason Sonochem. 2021 May;73:105509 |
1mg | 5mg | 10mg | |
---|---|---|---|
1 mM | 4.887 ml | 24.436 ml | 48.871 ml |
5 mM | 0.977 ml | 4.887 ml | 9.774 ml |
10 mM | 0.489 ml | 2.444 ml | 4.887 ml |
5 mM | 0.098 ml | 0.489 ml | 0.977 ml |
Exposure Limits | NIOSH: IDLH 25 mg/m3 |
EPA chemical information | Propanedinitrile, [(3-chlorophenyl)hydrazono]- (555-60-2) |
Target
STING
IFN-β
in vitro studies
CCCP inhibits IFN-β production induced by various types of the STING pathway activators. CCCP suppresses the phosphorylation of STING, TBK1, and IRF3 via disrupting the association of STING and TBK1. CCCP inhibits activation of STING and its downstream signaling molecules, TBK1 and IRF3, but not STING translocation to the perinuclear region. CCCP impairs the interaction between STING and TBK1 and concomitantly triggers mitochondria fission. Importantly, the knockout of the crucial mitochondria fission regulator Drp1 restored the STING activity, indicating that CCCP down-modulates the STING pathway through DRP1-mediated mitochondria fragmentation. The protonophore CCCP that disrupts membrane potential suppresses the DMXAA-triggered STING signaling pathway. CCCP drastically suppresses the production of IFN-β in DMXAA-treated RAW264.7 cells and MEFs.
In vivo studies
The same dosage of 3 mg/kg.bw each of CCCP and PPEF is used. In both the cases 1 log reduction is observed in the bacterial load. However, when 3 mg/kg.bw of PPEF is used in combination with 3 mg/kg.bw of CCCP, 6 log 10 reduction is observed in the bacterial count. The developed model validates the enhanced antibacterial activity of combination therapy. 99m Tc-MIBI signals in the hearts of SD rats administered CCCP (4 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or vehicle is also measured. 99m Tc-MIBI signals decrease in rat hearts administered CCCP, and the ATP content, as measured by 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy, decreased simultaneously. To investigate whether CCCP decreased the 99m Tc-MIBI signals in rats, we analyzed the radioisotope activity of excised heart tissue from rats administered CCCP. At 180 min after 99m Tc-MIBI injection, the 99m Tc-MIBI signals from the hearts in the CCCP group are significantly lower than those in the vehicle group.